Regular health check-ups can help reduce these risks by highlighting any concerns that may arise at regular check-ups. Many tests are necessary to determine bone health. Dr. Shelly (Mital) Mahajan, lab director and clinical lead at Mahajan Imaging Labs, shares the health tests every woman needs during menopause to protect bone health.
Tests recommended to protect bone health during menopause:
1. Calcium and Vitamin D Levels: Calcium is an essential element for maintaining bone density, while vitamin D enables efficient absorption of calcium. One’s bone density is highest between the ages of 25 and 35 and begins to decline with age. Since the digestive system is very weak in absorbing calcium, vitamin D is needed to maintain the required amount of calcium. Periodic health screenings should be done to monitor the current levels of these nutrients and dietary adjustments should be made accordingly, or supplements should be taken.
2. Bone Mineral Density (BMD) Test: The BMD test, which measures the density of minerals (such as calcium) in bones, provides a clear indication of bone strength and fracture risk. It helps a lot in setting up a course of treatment, or fortifying one’s system by taking the necessary supplements, if needed. According to the National Osteoporosis Foundation, 1 in 2 women over the age of 50 will experience a fracture due to osteoporosis. This test, also called dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), is important for investigating the risk of osteoporosis, the most common type of bone disease. Bone tissue becomes thinner and weaker over time and is prone to fractures due to osteoporosis. Women with a family history of osteoporosis or previous fractures should monitor their levels more regularly.
3. Hormone Level Testing: Hormone levels, particularly estrogen and parathyroid hormone (PTH), offer valuable insight into bone health and thus serve as key indicators of bone density and osteoporosis risk. Studies show that low estrogen levels significantly increase the risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. It is highly recommended that women with menopausal symptoms get their hormone levels checked and consider possible treatments if needed.
4. Thyroid Function Test: Thyroid hormones play a key role in bone metabolism. Research shows that women with untreated hyperthyroidism, an autoimmune condition caused by an overactive thyroid, can lose up to 20 percent of their bone density within five years. Women who experience symptoms such as weight loss, increased heart rate or changes in menstrual patterns should have a thyroid function test once every 6 months to monitor their levels.
In addition to the above, one needs to monitor one’s lifestyle issues to identify areas that can positively impact one’s health. Lifestyle factors such as physical activity, diet and smoking, which can significantly affect bone health, should be regularly assessed. Women can increase their bone density by 1% per year by engaging in weight-bearing exercises. Work with a health care professional to develop a personalized diet and exercise plan that supports bone health during menopause.
To manage menopause effectively, one needs to be mindful of the changes in one’s body and then take the necessary steps to fill any voids as needed. Regular checkups can help women navigate menopause effectively and reduce the risks associated with declining bone health.