National Centers for Environmental Information (NCI)NCEI) has released. Global Magnetic Model 2025 (WMM 2025), indicating that the Earth’s magnetic field continues to shift toward Siberia.
The Global Magnetic Model provides the most up-to-date, highly accurate predictions of Earth’s magnetic field changes. The 2025 model is valid through 2029.
In addition to tracking changes in the Earth’s magnetic field, the model also provides necessary updates to technologies that rely on the Earth’s magnetic field, including GPS, navigation systems, and compasses.
A key addition to WMM 2025 is the Global Magnetic Model High Resolution (WMMHR 2025), which significantly improves spatial accuracy, reducing the equatorial resolution from 3,300 km to about 300 km. These advances ensure more accurate navigation for military and civilian applications, including ships, submarines, and aircraft, as well as consumer devices such as smartphones and GPS systems.
The new model also updates the blackout zones near the poles, where the magnetic field becomes unreliable for navigation. These zones have shifted slightly, reflecting changes in the Earth’s magnetic field.
The motion of the magnetic north pole is driven by molten metals in the Earth’s outer core. Over the past two centuries, the magnetic pole has moved about 2,250 kilometers north of Canada toward Russia. Between 1990 and 2005, its movement accelerated to 50–60 km/year. However, in recent years, this rate of movement has reduced to 35 km per year.
The WMM is updated every five years and is used globally by governments, military organizations and organizations such as NATO.